The Andean connection
A survey of municipal officials in 176 rural districts in the poorest areas revealed two big changes. First, in 2001-11 the day rate for farm labourers rose by an average of 73% in real terms, the price of a hectare of agricultural land by 88% and that of a house in the local town by 166%. Second, in the same period, journey times to the nearest city dropped from almost nine hours to just under four and a half. That was thanks to a burst of roadbuilding and improvement which began in the 1990s. Much of this involved rural roads. The network of asphalted highways in Peru also expanded, by 550km (340 miles) a year between 1995 and 2011, up from just 140km a year in the previous quarter-century. Thanks to mobile technology, ownership of telephones among people in rural areas has shot up, from 2% in 2004 to 54% in 2011.
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